Kvaser Linux CANLIB
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When the CAN controller is on bus, it is receiving messages and is sending acknowledge bits in response to all correctly received messages.
A controller that is off bus is not taking part in the bus communication at all.
Use canBusOn() to go on bus and canBusOff() to go off bus.
You can set a channel to silent mode if you want it to be on-bus without interfering with the traffic in any way. A channel in silent mode will receive everything on the bus but will not transmit anything, not even ACK bits. Use canSetBusOutputControl() to set a channel to silent mode.